About Music 253
This two-quarter sequence, offered yearly in the winter and spring quarters, is devoted to understanding symbolic musical information as it is used in different application domains (Mus 253/CS 275A) and providing an in-depth experience with data representations for musical analysis, or a related research questions (Mus 254).
Musical information (Mus 253) examines diverse applications in printing, sound, and analysis of music. Many systems of music representation are tailored to a specific application domain. A basic understanding of the nature of music representation facilitates rapid learning of new notation and sound software, as well as conversion of musical data between applications. It also forms a solid foundation for the development of research projects involving music query, analysis, and style simulation which are topics covered in Mus 254.
Mus 253 can be taken for one to four credits. Students taking the course for one credit are expected to attend the regular class sessions, or they can attend and do homework for one of the three segments of the class: (1) Music Notation, (2) MIDI, or (3) music analysis applications. Auditors are welcome, see the syllabus for the schedule of topics (times special lectures are given in parentheses).
Download listing of Course Credit Options (.pdf)
Course Time & Location
Course Time: Fridays 10:00 am - 11:50 am, Lab: Wednesdays, 3:25 pm - 5:15 pm
Braun Music Center, Room 129
Instructors
Eleanor Selfridge-Field (esfield/at/stanford.edu) - principal instructor
Walter Hewlett - instructor
Don Anthony (ccarh/at/ccrma.stanford.edu) - instructor
Rob Hamilton (rob/at/ccrma.stanford.edu) - teaching assistant
Textbook
Beyond MIDI: The Handbook of Musical Codes, ed. Eleanor Selfridge-Field (The MIT Press, 1997).
A copy of the Textbook is available in the Lab, but also is available for home use from the Stanford Book Store and other on-line bookstores:
- Amazon.com
- MIT Press
Prerequisites
This course sequence is designed for graduate students and upper-level undergraduates students. A basic knowledge of music theory is advisable (equivalent to Mus 19) and the ability to read music in at least one clef is required. Auditors are also welcome; enrolled students are given priority access to computers in the Braun lab (#129). Completion of the first quarter of the sequence is normally a prerequisite for the second quarter (Music 254 / CS 275B).
Schedule
Week 1: Basics of Music Representation: Jan. 12, Jan. 17 (18)
- Samples of music encoding schemes (ESF)
- Purposes of encoding music (ESF)
- Visualizing music (ESF)
- Malinowski's Music Animation Machine (c. 1986); examples
- Ref. R. Segnini and C. Sapp, "Scoregram: Displaying Gross Timbre Information from a Score" (2005)
- Sapp, C. S., "Visual Hierarchical Key Analysis" (2005)
- Sapp's Tonal Harmony Keyscapes (2001)
cf. CHARM Mazurka Project (2006)
- Bent's paradox: "Music exists online in sound... but sound is its least stable element." (Early Music, 1992)
- Ref. E. Selfridge-Field, Beyond MIDI, Ch. 1 (Describing Musical Information)
- EsAC and Guido Music Notation
- Lab
- Survey of Encoding Formats view in Adobe Reader
- Individual pages Preview compatible: 1, 2, 3, 4
- "Rosetta Stone" of encoding methods
- Links
- Music Animation Machine
- Essen Associative Code (folksongs)
- Guido Music Notation Format Homepage
- Guido Noteserver
- Homework for Week 1:
- Assignment 1: Invent your own music representation scheme *due Friday, January 19)
- Read Chapter 1 from Beyond Midi either from the text version or from the online version available here.
- Assignment 2 (Lab): GUIDO music notation*due Wednesday, January 24/Friday, January 26
- Musical data resources: .doc, .pdf
- Searching musical databases (Themefinder) (ESF)
- Authorship, editions, and copyright issues (ESF)
- Lab
- Finale and Sibelius: User Interfaces (Rob)
- Finale user input mode: Simple, Speedy, and Real-time (Rob)
- Homework for Week 2:
- Reading: Ref. Silas Brown: Braille Musical Notation (miscellaneous system)
- Assignment 3: Finale data entry lab (Rob Hamilton) (due 1/31-2/1/07)
Week 3: Data Acquisition (Input) and Interchange: MusicXML and SharpEye: Jan. 26, Jan. 31 (2/1)
- Optical music recognition (ESF/DA)
- For class: Data Examples
- Data transport: SCORE>Finale; SharpEye>Finale>MuseData
- MusicXML data format basics(RKH)
- Ref. Beyond MIDI: Ch. 27 (MuseData)
- Homework for Week 3:
- Assignment 4: SharpEye/MusicXML Lab (Rob) (Nos. 1-3: due 2/7-8/07)
- Score User Basics Sheet
Week 4: SCORE (1): User Input: Feb. 2, Feb. 7 (8)
- SCORE official homepage, Leland Smith's Bio
- Ref. Beyond MIDI, Ch. 19 (SCORE)
- SCORE data entry system. See Hints on Assignments 5
- Relationship of MusicXML to MuseData (CCARH)
- Assignment 5: SCORE user input Lab (due 2/14-15/07): Preliminary exercises 1-6 (written assignment); SCORE input lab Nos. 1-4
- Useful SCORE commands:
- lj = line up/justify
- pa = path
- re = read
- rs = restart
- Score Introduction.doc
- Score Modes.doc
- Score Fine adjustments.doc
- Score Basics.doc
- MuseData Overview.doc
- MuseData to Finale.doc
- Scan to MuseData via Finale.doc
- MuseData File Sample.doc
- The CCARH, MuseData, Music Representation
- SAX: Simple XML-Parser
- DOM: Document Object Model
- Digester
Walter Hewlitt Lecture:
Music XML Links:
Week 5: SCORE (2): Feb. 9, Feb. 14 (15)
- Assignment 6: SCORE Homework 2 (Hints)
- Do example 5 from SCORE Homework 1, plus 3 examples from new sheet
- http://www.ccarh.org/courses/253/lab/scoreset2/
- Max Mathews Lecture: Foundations of Computer Music
Week 6: SCORE + MIDI/Base-40 Representations: Feb. 16, Feb. 21 (22)
- Don Anthony: Advanced SCORE Techniques
- Introduction to MIDI Lab
- Basic Midi Programming
- Raw Midi Data
- Midi Communication Protocol
- Outline of the Standard MIDI File Structure
- MIDI File Variable Length Values
- General MIDI Instruments
- MIDI Byle Table
- A Roadmap of the MIDI Byte
- twinklehex.pdf -- An example MIDI file in ASCII hexadecimal format which contains the melody Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star [twinkle.mid].
- Score documents:
Week 7: Introduction to MIDI/Hewlitt method of Base-40 representation
- Walter Hewlitt lecture:
- Base-40 (units per octave) system for number-line/integer representation of pitch in tonal music
-
Joyce Hatto: The Greatest Pianist That Never Was?
- A summary of current developments in the Joyce Hatto plagarism story - "The true hoax that was uncovered here is that the media can be manipulated like puppets." - C. Sapp
- CHARM: Joyce Hatto's Mazurkas: Who was playing the piano?
- Purely coincidental? Joyce Hatto and Chopin's Mazurkas
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Hatto
- More Joyce Hatto links...
- 2/22/07 - Time Magazine: Of Concertos and Copyrights
- 2/21/07 - "My wife's virtuoso recordings are genuine"
- 2/19/07 - "iTunes and Gracenote help expose classical plagiarism"
- 2/19/07 - Audio Link: Murray Khouri : Hatto Recordings Counterfeit?
- 2/18/07 - "Pianist's virtuosity is called into question"
- 7/28/08 - Joyce Hatto Obituary
- Front Row arts news show on BBC Radio 4 (audio .mp4)
Homework for Week 7: